Ribbon foundation is used in the construction of houses with heavy walls (stone, concrete, brick) or with heavy-weight ceilings. Belt foundations are laid under all internal and external main walls, while the cross section is the same around the perimeter of the entire foundation. This type of tape foundation is needed in order to build a garage, basement or basement under the house.
It is rational to use a strip foundation, and with the likelihood of uneven deformations of the base with a small depth of their inception, in this case they are embedded in solid reinforced belts.
The method of construction of strip foundations is easy, but they are characterized by massiveness, significant consumption of building materials and considerable complexity, but at the same time, the maximum reliability. The smallest thickness of the tape foundation depends on the material used. Also, the width of the tape foundation under the main walls of the house is set by the probable load on the soil.
For the acceleration of construction under the strip foundation most often used blocks for the foundation. After the strip foundation is built above ground level, it is leveled with a solution of cement, and a two-layer waterproofing is made from roofing material on mastic from bitumen. The upper share of the strip foundation, as a rule, is intended for the base. To protect the strip foundation from shallow waters and rains, immediately after the end of its construction a blind area is made. For the construction of small buildings, the strip foundation to the height of soil freezing is an undoubted excess. Belt foundations are usually erected under heavy houses to a depth of ground freezing. The belt foundation in heaving and deeply freezing soils is used quite rarely. For the construction of strip foundations often used ready-made blocks for the foundation, connecting them with a solution of cement.
But with heaving soils it is bad, since the blocks connected are made weak points in such a foundation, and in the winter it can become out of level. It is much better, but also more laborious, to make a strip foundation indivisible, but before that you make a mesh of reinforcing twigs, which are interconnected by wire or welded, in the pit and formwork. Armature should create a single structure and capture the blind area.
